Early experience with the novel glaucoma shunt device: Paul glaucoma implant in the Indonesian populations / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of Paul glaucoma implant(PGI)in the short-term follow-up period and share first experience with this novel aqueous shunt in Indonesian populations.METHODS: A total of 21 patients(22 eyes)with PGI implants from April 2022 to December 2022 and with at least a complete 2mo follow-up were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcome measure was failure, defined as intraocular pressure(IOP)out of the target range of 21 mmHg or less than 20% reduction from baseline for 2 consecutive visits, other glaucoma surgeries required, or removal of the implant.RESULTS: The follow-up period was 2 to 6mo. The mean IOP reduction was 52.27±22.94%, with a range of 9% to 90%. The complete success rate was 59%, and patients with or without a history of glaucoma surgery had 50% and 59% of complete success rates, respectively. Complications of the surgery were diplopia(n=2), early hypotony(n=1), hyphema(n=1), and exposed tube(n=2).CONCLUSION: The complete success of the PGI implantation was 57%. No serious postoperative complications were found in our cases. One case of hypotony resolved in the early postoperative period.

Down-regulation of complement genes in lipopolysaccharidechallenged zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to Indonesian propolis / Regulação negativa dos genes do complemento em larvas de peixe-zebra (Danio rerio) desafiadas com lipopolissacarídeo expostas à própolis indonésia

Although propolis has been reported for having anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on complement system has not been much studied. This research was conducted to find out the effects of Indonesian propolis on the expression levels of C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL, and C6 in zebrafish larvae which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Counting of macrophages migrating to yolk sac and liver histology were carried out. Larvae were divided into four groups: CON (cultured in E3 medium only), LPS (cultured in a medium containing 0.5 μg/L LPS), LPSIBU (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then treated with 100 μg/L ibuprofen for 24 hours), and LPSPRO (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then immersed in 14,000 μg/L propolis for 24 hours) groups. The results showed that complement gene expression in larvae from the LPSIBU and LPSPRO groups were generally lower than in larvae from the LPS group. The number of macrophage migrations to the yolk in the LPSPRO group was also lower than in the LPS group. Histological structure of liver in all groups were considered normal. This study shows that Indonesian propolis has the potential to be used as an alternative to the substitution of NSAIDs.

Embora a própolis tenha sido relatada por ter atividade anti-inflamatória, seus efeitos no sistema complemento, uma parte do sistema imunológico inato, não foram muito estudados. Esta pesquisa foi conduzida para descobrir os efeitos da própolis da Indonésia nos níveis de expressão de C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL e C6 em larvas de peixe-zebra induzidas por lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Foram realizadas contagens de macrófagos que migram para o saco vitelino e histologia do fígado. As larvas foram divididas em quatro grupos: CON (cultivadas apenas em meio E3), LPS (cultivadas em meio contendo 0,5 μg/L de LPS), LPSIBU (cultivadas em meio contendo LPS e, em seguida, tratadas com 100 μg/L de ibuprofeno por 24 horas) e LPSPRO (cultivado em meio contendo LPS, e então imerso em própolis 14,000 μg/L por 24 horas). Os resultados mostraram que a expressão do gene do complemento em larvas dos grupos LPSIBU e LPSPRO foi geralmente menor que em larvas do grupo LPS. O número de migrações de macrófagos para a gema no grupo LPSPRO também foi menor que no grupo LPS. A estrutura histológica do fígado em todos os grupos foi considerada normal. Este estudo mostra que a própolis indonésia tem potencial para ser utilizada como alternativa na substituição dos AINEs (anti-inflamatórios não esteroides).

Down-regulation of complement genes in lipopolysaccharide-challenged zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to Indonesian propolis

Abstract Although propolis has been reported for having anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on complement system has not been much studied. This research was conducted to find out the effects of Indonesian propolis on the expression levels of C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL, and C6 in zebrafish larvae which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Counting of macrophages migrating to yolk sac and liver histology were carried out. Larvae were divided into four groups: CON (cultured in E3 medium only), LPS (cultured in a medium containing 0.5 g/L LPS), LPSIBU (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then treated with 100 g/L ibuprofen for 24 hours), and LPSPRO (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then immersed in 14,000 g/L propolis for 24 hours) groups. The results showed that complement gene expression in larvae from the LPSIBU and LPSPRO groups were generally lower than in larvae from the LPS group. The number of macrophage migrations to the yolk in the LPSPRO group was also lower than in the LPS group. Histological structure of liver in all groups were considered normal. This study shows that Indonesian propolis has the potential to be used as an alternative to the substitution of NSAIDs.

Resumo Embora a própolis tenha sido relatada por ter atividade anti-inflamatória, seus efeitos no sistema complemento, uma parte do sistema imunológico inato, não foram muito estudados. Esta pesquisa foi conduzida para descobrir os efeitos da própolis da Indonésia nos níveis de expressão de C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL e C6 em larvas de peixe-zebra induzidas por lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Foram realizadas contagens de macrófagos que migram para o saco vitelino e histologia do fígado. As larvas foram divididas em quatro grupos: CON (cultivadas apenas em meio E3), LPS (cultivadas em meio contendo 0,5 g/L de LPS), LPSIBU (cultivadas em meio contendo LPS e, em seguida, tratadas com 100 g/L de ibuprofeno por 24 horas) e LPSPRO (cultivado em meio contendo LPS, e então imerso em própolis 14,000 g/L por 24 horas). Os resultados mostraram que a expressão do gene do complemento em larvas dos grupos LPSIBU e LPSPRO foi geralmente menor que em larvas do grupo LPS. O número de migrações de macrófagos para a gema no grupo LPSPRO também foi menor que no grupo LPS. A estrutura histológica do fígado em todos os grupos foi considerada normal. Este estudo mostra que a própolis indonésia tem potencial para ser utilizada como alternativa na substituição dos AINEs (anti-inflamatórios não esteroides).

Down-regulation of complement genes in lipopolysaccharide-challenged zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae exposed to Indonesian propolis / Regulação negativa dos genes do complemento em larvas de peixe-zebra (Danio rerio) desafiadas com lipopolissacarídeo expostas à própolis indonésia

Abstract Although propolis has been reported for having anti-inflammatory activities, its effects on complement system has not been much studied. This research was conducted to find out the effects of Indonesian propolis on the expression levels of C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL, and C6 in zebrafish larvae which were induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Counting of macrophages migrating to yolk sac and liver histology were carried out. Larvae were divided into four groups: CON (cultured in E3 medium only), LPS (cultured in a medium containing 0.5 μg/L LPS), LPSIBU (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then treated with 100 μg/L ibuprofen for 24 hours), and LPSPRO (cultured in a medium containing LPS, and then immersed in 14,000 μg/L propolis for 24 hours) groups. The results showed that complement gene expression in larvae from the LPSIBU and LPSPRO groups were generally lower than in larvae from the LPS group. The number of macrophage migrations to the yolk in the LPSPRO group was also lower than in the LPS group. Histological structure of liver in all groups were considered normal. This study shows that Indonesian propolis has the potential to be used as an alternative to the substitution of NSAIDs.

Resumo Embora a própolis tenha sido relatada por ter atividade anti-inflamatória, seus efeitos no sistema complemento, uma parte do sistema imunológico inato, não foram muito estudados. Esta pesquisa foi conduzida para descobrir os efeitos da própolis da Indonésia nos níveis de expressão de C3, C1r/s, Bf, MBL e C6 em larvas de peixe-zebra induzidas por lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Foram realizadas contagens de macrófagos que migram para o saco vitelino e histologia do fígado. As larvas foram divididas em quatro grupos: CON (cultivadas apenas em meio E3), LPS (cultivadas em meio contendo 0,5 μg/L de LPS), LPSIBU (cultivadas em meio contendo LPS e, em seguida, tratadas com 100 μg/L de ibuprofeno por 24 horas) e LPSPRO (cultivado em meio contendo LPS, e então imerso em própolis 14,000 μg/L por 24 horas). Os resultados mostraram que a expressão do gene do complemento em larvas dos grupos LPSIBU e LPSPRO foi geralmente menor que em larvas do grupo LPS. O número de migrações de macrófagos para a gema no grupo LPSPRO também foi menor que no grupo LPS. A estrutura histológica do fígado em todos os grupos foi considerada normal. Este estudo mostra que a própolis indonésia tem potencial para ser utilizada como alternativa na substituição dos AINEs (anti-inflamatórios não esteroides).

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Measurement Properties of the Indonesian Kujala Score for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear Patients

@#Introduction: There is an overwhelming need for worldwide applicable subjective grading systems for patients' anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear. The scoring system should be validated for their use in advance related measurements. For the Indonesian language speaking population, only the Kujala Patellofemoral Score (KPS) questionnaire has been translated and validated into the Indonesian language for diseases related to knee pain, but none for ACL tears. The present study aims at cross-cultural adaption to measure the validity and reliability of the Kujala patellofemoral score Indonesian version (KPS-I) specifically for ACL tear patients. Material and methods: The responses of 106 ACL tear patients on two questionnaires comprising the KPS-I and Short Form (SF)–36 were examined by determining the validity and reliability. We conducted the validity construct and content, so the reliability was evaluated by test-retest reliability, internal consistency and measurement error. In addition, the research utilised the Bland and Altman method to explore absolute agreement. Results: The construct and content validity were good, where all hypotheses were confirmed, and the floor or ceiling effect did not occur. The reliability proved excellent between test and retest (ICC=0.99). An internal consistency showed a good Cronbach α of 0.86. The standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change at the individual (MDCind), and minimal detectable change at the group (MDCgrp) were determined to be 2.1, 5.8, and 0.7, respectively. The application of the Bland and Altman plot method revealed no bias in this study. Conclusion: The validation procedure shows that the KPS-I is a good evaluation instrument for Indonesian patients with ACL tear. However, it is suggested that this score be used for follow-up of patients after ACL reconstruction procedure, especially with anterior knee pain related to the original objective of the Kujala score.

Estudio cadavérico de anteversión de cuello femoral en Población de Indonesia / Cadaveric Study Of Femoral Neck Anteversion In Indonesian Population

Objective: The normal morphology of femoral anteversion is an essential factor which determines the clinical results of hip replacement to achieve the normal activity and the length of the replaced joint. No previous study has been documented regarding normal value of femoral anteversion in Indonesian population and how they are different with Western, India and African population. This study aimed on measurement of normal femoral anteversion values of Indonesian population and compare it with existing data of Western, African and India values. Method: This cross-sectional study by measuring the femoral neck anteversion angle in 120 samples of Indonesians's cadaveric femur. Comparisons were made between Western, African and India. Result: The result showed that the average values of femoral neck anteversion angle in men were 11.60 ± 4.83 and 12.96 ± 5.1 in the right and left parts respectively, while in women, the results were 14.83+-5.14 and 13.37+-5.66 in right and left parts. The p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered to be significant. Conclusion: The mean femoral anteversion values of Indonesian population is 13.22. It is significantly different in comparison with Western, African, and Indian population.

Changes of the Diet Quality for Coronary Heart Disease Patients in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

@#Introduction: Compliance of Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) 2010 relates to the reduction of mortality risks due to Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). In Indonesia, AHEI has not been widely used to evaluate diet quality especially for CHD. This study aims to analyse the diet quality changes for CHD. Methods: This study used the secondary data of Cohort Study of Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors from the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The diet quality was assessed by using modified AHEI 2010 USA, adjusted to the Indonesian portion. Single 24-hour dietary was performed once prior to CHD and once after CHD. The CHD sufferers were assessed based on the result of ECG and 124 new cases. This study used the longitudinal repeated measures. Results: The total score for diet quality a year prior to CHD was 58.6 point and a year after CHD was 63.6 point. After the improvement, the diet quality score a year after CHD increased five points, 66.9% which shows score improvement (improved diet quality) and 33.1% which shows score deterioration (deteriorating diet quality). There are some differences and the significant improvement diet quality is at the total score, specifically fruits, nuts and sodium score (P<0.05). Conclusion: The CHD diet quality had improved up to five points, in which the points of fruits components were 2.8, nuts and sodium were one. Although, it was significantly improved, the intake had not achieved the recommendation.

Traditional Chinese Medicine and Traditional Indonesian Medicine: A Comparative Review of Herbal Medicines Restricted in Pregnancy / 中国结合医学杂志

The decline in birth rates has become a very serious problem in various parts of the world. Many countries have implemented national programs for increasing birth rates, one of which involves the use of traditional medicine as an alternative solution. Among the fast-growing traditional medicines, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and traditional Indonesian medicine (TIM) have attracted a lot of demand globally. Here, we analyzed and compared the herbal medicines from TCM and TIM that must be avoided by pregnant women for preventing miscarriage and maintaining safety during pregnancy and the postpartum period. This review uses data from official reports from the respective government and national and international electronic databases for analysis. Although TCM and TIM have their own characteristics of treatment, they also have some similarities in concept and treatment, especially those related to herbal medicines. This review can be used as a reference base to help pregnant women consume herbal medicines at appropriate conditions and doses.

Validation and psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Fear of Missing Out Scale in adolescents

Abstract Background: This study's main purpose was to examine the psychometric properties of FoMOs' adaptation among the Indonesian adolescents' population. The second aim was to investigate the concurrent validity of the Indonesian version to provide evidence for the validity. Also, FoMOs' difference level between demographic variance analyses was performed. Method: The study involved a cross-sectional online survey design with 638 Indonesian adolescents aged 16-24 (M = 19.08, SD = 14.70). FoMO was measured by a 16-item that has been modified from the original 10-item. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to study its scores' evidence of structural validity. Besides, to study its scores' evidence of convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity concerning other variables such as stress, anxiety, and depression (Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21), and general health condition (General Health Questionnaire Scale-12), correlation analyses were conducted. To study the sensitivity, we assessed the effect of sociodemographic and social media use on the scale's ability to identify the population's risk to the FoMO by conducting analyses of variance. The Cronbach alpha values (α = .93) indicated that internal consistency of the scale was at an adequate level. Results: Exploratory factorial analyses revealed adequate adjustment for the new version of the scale showing the three factorial structures. Confirmatory factor analyses showed that the 12-item of Indonesian FoMO had a good fit (X2/df = 289.324/51; goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.928; RMSEA = 0.086; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.915; normed fit index (NFI) = 0.899; parsimony normed fit index (PNFI) = .695; Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.890). Conclusion: This study has shown that the modified 12-item Fear of Missing Out Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Indonesian adolescents. It showed that the Indonesian version of Fear of Missing Out Scale has adequate psychometric properties to measure Indonesian adolescents' online behavior.

Behavioral Differences of Japanese and Indonesian nurses under Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) for Solving Oriented Problems in Nursing Practice / 国際保健医療

Objective  In Japan, the low pass rate of Economic Partnership Agreements (EPA) foreign nurse candidates in the National Nursing Examination is a serious issue because it suggests differences in nursing practice between the countries. This study aimed to reveal the discrepancy in nursing practice between Indonesian and Japanese nurses.Methods   Questionnaires were sent to 9 hospitals to collect data from Indonesian and Japanese nurses working together. It included the “Self-evaluation Scale on Oriented Problem Solving Behavior in Nursing Practice” to measure the quality of problem-solving behaviors.Results  Participants were 17 Indonesian (8 males, 9 females; average age: 30.6 years) and 50 Japanese nurses. Of them, 9 Indonesian nurses had not passed the National Nursing Exam. No remarkable difference was observed between the Indonesian and Japanese nurses on any of the sub-scales of the problem-solving scale. However, after matching the groups with nursing experience years (by selecting Japanese nurses with an experience of less than 10 years, n＝22), a notable difference was observed in “Securing consent from the patient for providing nursing care,” with Indonesian nurses who had not yet passed the National Nursing Exam scoring significantly lower than Japanese nurses (p＝0.01 for the Wilcoxon test with Bonferroni correction). While Japanese nurses assist patients with activities of daily living, the patient’s family is mainly responsible for such care in Indonesia. Therefore, Indonesian nurses do not fully acknowledge their need to secure consent in providing daily life assistance to patients.Conclusion   Indonesian nurses who had not passed the National Nursing Exam scored significantly lower on “Securing consent from the patient for providing nursing care.” Therefore, it is recommended to provide them education to enable them to recognize the importance of practicing nursing based on nursing plans that consider patients’ needs.

Determinant Of Independent National Health Insurance Ownership In Indonesia

@#The increasing of Independent National Health Insurance (NHI) membership is one of the indicators to achieve Universal Health Coverage. One of the challenges in extending such coverage is reaching it out to the informal sector. This study was aimed to analyze the determinants of Independent NHI ownership in Indonesia. This study used cross-sectional design, and the data were derived from Indonesian Family Live Survey (IFLS) 2014. 6,888 individuals aged ≥40 years were the sample of this study. To analyze the data, chi-square analysis and logistic regression were used. Based on the analysis, the proportion of respondent with Independent NHI is 16.6%. The ownership of independent NHI is influenced by the following factors: age 40-55 (PR=1.72 95%CI 1.41-2.09, p-value <0.001), Sumatra Island (PR=7.67 95%CI 5.55-10.59 p-value<0.001), very rich (PR = 2.26 95%CI 1.85-2.75 p-value <0.001), history of chronic disease (PR=1.33 95%CI 1.15-1.53 p-value<0.001), junior high school (PR = 2.21 95%CI 1.92-2.55 p-value<0.001), and urban (PR=1.79 95%CI 1.57-2.04 p-value <0.001). Region is the most dominant variable related to NHI ownership (p-value <0.001; Exp B= 7.03; 95% CI: 5.06-9.77). Independent NHI membership has not been maximal, yet. To increase this participation, the Social Security Administrator should approach each region with low NHI membership through promotion, socialization, and education about registration and the benefits of independent NHI.

Three dimensional morphometry of proximal femur to design best-fit Femoral stem for Indonesian population / Morfometría tridimensional del fémur proximal para diseñar prótesis a medida en la población de indonesa

To design custom-made prosthesis in a certain population, the morphometry needs to be measured. The results of this study were expected to provide basic data to design the ideal size of the total hip arthoplasty prosthesis for Indonesian population. This was an anthropometric study conducted on sex matched 100 healthy Indonesian mongoloid race subjects based on Computer Tomographic (CT) imaging on the proximal femur. The parameters being used in this study were Femoral Head Offset (FHO), Femoral Head Position (FHP), Femoral Head Diameter (FHD), Neck-Shaft Angle (NSA), Anteroposterior Width (APW) and Mediolateral Width at 3 different locations, and Canal Flare Index (CFI). This study showed that Indonesian has smaller proximal femur morphometry as compared to Western population. The mean value of all parameters in male were larger than female. Moreover, FHO and FHP showed significant difference among male and female indicating the location of male femoral head center lies superiorly as compared to female. The dimension of femoral canal was found to be mediolaterally oval, 1.43, 1.28, and 1,34, respectively, in 3 different cutting (20 mm above and 40 mm below lesser trochanter, and isthmus). CFI of Indonesian was classified to be stovepipe femoral canal (2.99) that is the suggestion to use cemented femoral stem. This study showed that Indonesian proximal femur dimension has smaller build compared with Western counterpart. The proposed dimensions can be used as the basic data to design the ideal size of the femoral stem for Indonesian population.

Para diseñar prótesis a medida en una población determinada, la morfometría necesita ser conocida. El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener resultados que sean útiles en la investigación para diseñar el tamaño ideal de una prótesis total de artroplastía de cadera para la población de Indonesia. Fue realizado un estudio antropométrico en 100 sujetos sanos de raza mongoloide de Indonesia, en los que se estudió la parte proximal del fémur por tomografía computadorizada (TC). Se consideraron como parámetros la cabeza del fémur (CF), posición de la cabeza del fémur (PCF), diámetro de la cabeza del fémur (DCF), ángulo cérvicodiafisario (ACD), ancho anteroposterior (AAP) y ancho-lateral en 3 lugares diferentes. La población Indonesia tiene una morfometría menor del fémur proximal en comparación con la población occidental. El valor medio de todos los parámetros en hombres fueron mayores a las mujeres. Por otra parte, CF y PCF mostraron diferencia significativa entre hombres y mujeres e indicó una ubicación superior del centro de la cabeza del fémur en hombres, en comparación con las mujeres. Se encontró que la dimensión del canal femoral fue mediolateral oval, 1,43, 1,28, y 1,34, en 3 cortes diferentes, respectivamente (20 mm superior y 40 mm inferior del trocánter menor e istmo). La dimensión del fémur proximal en la población de Indonesia es de menor tamaño en comparación con la contraparte occidental. Las dimensiones propuestas se pueden utilizar como datos básicos para el diseño de un tamaño ideal de vástago femoral para la población Indonesia.

Potent water extracts of Indonesian medicinal plants against PTP1B

Objective: To examine the potent of water as a solvent agent in the preparation of traditional herbal medicine. Methods: Water extracts of 18 plants were prepared through reflux and examined (25 mg/mL) to evaluate their possibility for inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The determination of IC50 values was performed for the samples possessing more than 80% inhibition. Meanwhile, those exhibiting IC50 values more than 7.0 mg/mL were further profiled for their chemical constituents through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurement. Results: About 44% (8) of the examined samples showed more than 80% inhibition against PTP1B. The water extracts of Elephantopus scaber, Helicteres isora aerial parts, Elaeocarpus grandiflorus (E. grandiflorus) fruits, Melaleuca leucadendron leaves, and Quercus infectoria gum had IC50 values ranging from 2.05 to 6.90 mg/mL. Meanwhile, Andropogon nardus and Centella asiatica were at the area of d 3.0–4.0 ppm. Further, the 13C NMR observation of samples possessing the most intensive signals in their proton NMR Cinnamomum burmannii and E. grandiflorus showed the peaks at the area of d 60–90 ppm as the supportive evidence for sugar group signals. Intriguingly, a disaccharide from E. grandiflorus could be an active inhibitor towards PTB1B. Conclusions: In contrast to the mainstream solvents currently used in modern herbal manufactures especially Jamu medicine in Indonesia, pure-water-extracted materials should be reconsidered and could be reemerged for future studies and for the manufacture of herbal medicines. In addition, the activity of Jamu components should be confirmed that their antidiabetes and antiobesity activities could be through the inhibition of PTP1B.

Potent water extracts of Indonesian medicinal plants against PTP1B

Objective: To examine the potent of water as a solvent agent in the preparation of traditional herbal medicine. Methods: Water extracts of 18 plants were prepared through reflux and examined (25 μg/mL) to evaluate their possibility for inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). The determination of IC

The EPA Indonesian Nurse Candidate’s Organizational Citizenship Behavior at Hospitals in Japan / 国際保健医療

<p><b>Objectives</b></p><p>  The purpose of this research is to reveal the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) of Indonesian nurse candidates at hospitals in Japan.</p><p><b>Methods</b></p><p>  Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 13 nurses that worked at hospitals in Japan. The results were analyzed using coded categorization.</p><p><b>Results</b></p><p>  All respondents have OCB in their work place in Japanese hospitals.The research focuses on specific OCB roles and the data was classified into the following 4 categories. (1) nursing care support for other nurses, (2) work place hygiene, (3) preparation for work duties, and (4) maintenance of medical equipment. In addition, in Indonesia the respondents have roles such as “preparation for work duties other than nursing” and “education of other nurses”.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b></p><p>  The paper concludes that Indonesian nurse candidates have the same OCB in their work place as Japanese nurses. However, the scope of their OCB in Japanese hospitals is limited because they cannot work as registered nurses in Japan. The findings suggest that in order to improve and expand the OCB of Indonesian nurses working in Japanese hospitals, it is necessary to not only allow them to work as registered nurses but also to ensure that they continue to work in the same employment conditions as Japanese nurses. </p>

Three Dimensional Morphometry of Distal Femur to Design Knee Prosthesis for Indonesian Population / Morfometría Tridimensional del Fémur Distal para Diseñar Prótesis de Rodilla para la Población Indonesia

The objective of this study was to design custom-made prosthesis in a certain population, the morphometry needs to be measured. The results of this study were expected to provide basic data to design the ideal size of the total knee arthoplasty prosthesis for Indonesian population. This was an anthropometric study conducted on 100 healthy Indonesian population based on Computer Tomographic (CT) imaging on the distal femur resected surface. The parameters being used were Femoral Medio Lateral (fML) length, Femoral Antero Posterior (fAP) length, Femoral Medial Antero Posterior (fMAP) length, Femoral Lateral Antero Posterior (fLAP) length, and Femoral Aspect Ratio (FR). We found that the mean fAP and fML were 54.60±5.71 and 65.98±6.51, respectively. The morphometry of the distal femur were significantly different between male and female (male have larger build), however one of parameters showed different result: fLAP. This study showed that Indonesian people have smaller build compared with their Western counterpart. The proposed dimensions can be used as the basic data to design the ideal size of the custom-made knee arthoplasty prosthesis for Indonesian population.

El objetivo fue diseñar una prótesis a medida para una determinada población, por tanto la morfometría debía ser medida para proporcionar datos básicos para diseñar el tamaño ideal de una prótesis total para la artroplastia de rodilla en población de Indonesia. Se realizó un estudio antropométrico sobre 100 sujetos sanos indonesios, basados en tomografías computadorizadas (TC) de la superficie resecada del fémur distal. Los parámetros que se midieron fueron longitud femoral mediolateral (FML), longitud femoral anteroposterior (FAP), longitud femoral medial anteroposterior (FMAP), longitud femoral lateral anteroposterior (FLAP), y razón de aspecto femoral (FR). Las medias FAP y FML fueron 54,60±5,71 y 65,98±6,51, respectivamente. La morfometría del fémur distal fue significativamente diferente entre hombres y mujeres (mayor tamaño en hombres), sin embargo uno de los parámetros mostró resultados diferentes, la FLAP. Las personas indonesias son de menor tamaño en comparación con su contraparte occidental. Las dimensiones propuestas se pueden utilizar como los datos básicos para diseñar el tamaño ideal para una prótesis de rodilla a medida para la población de Indonesia.

Characterization and identification of mannanolytic actinomycete Nonomuraea sp. ID06-379

Aims: The study focused on screening, identification and characterization of mannanolytic actinomycetes isolated from soil and leaf litter samples obtained from several sites in Indonesia. Methodology and results: A total of 337 isolates of actinomycetes isolated from soil and leaf litter samples collected from various areas in Indonesia were screened for their mannanolytic activity. Mannanase activity was analysed using locus bean gum (LBG) as the substrate. The strain ID06-0379 displayed significant mannanase activity. The strain ID06- 0379 was analysed for its mannanase activity by determining the rate of enzyme production when cultured in the presence of palm kernel cake (PKC) as a substrate. The highest mannanase activity from ID06-0379 was 4.40 U/mL at 5% PKC concentration at 5 days incubation. Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characterisation of mannanolytic actinomycete was done and the strain ID06-0379 contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, and madurose was the diagnostic sugar in whole cell sugar. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant menaquinone of strain ID06-0379 was MK-9(H4). The major cellular fatty acids were C16:0 (31.47%), cis9-C16:1 (15.23%) and iso-C16:0 (10.84%), and the G+C content of the DNA was 71.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rDNA sequences revealed that strain ID06- 379 was closely related to species of Nonomuraea jabiensis A4036T with 99% nucleotide similarity. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The results from this study revealed that the mannanolytic actinomycete strain ID06-379 belongs to the genus Nonomuraea that closely related to N. jabiensis A4036T . Mannanase production using agricultural waste such as palm kernel cake may contribute to the development and utilisation of biomass bioconversion processes. Keywords: Indonesian actinomycetes, mannanase enzyme, locus bean gum, palm kernel cake, Nonomuraea sp. ID06- 0379.

Nutritive Value and Fatty Acids Profi le of Fresh Indonesian Eel (Anguilla bicolor) and Kabayaki / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

Eel were known asa food source that contain high nutrients. Recently, the utilization of Eel for export purposes has remained high. The aimof this study were to analyze the nutritive value and fatty acids profi le of fresh Indonesian eel and roasted eel (kabayaki). This study were conducted at P.T. Jawa Suisan Indah, Sukabumi District, West Java Province, and Kimia Terpadu Laboratorium Bogor Agricultural University, from October 2012 to May 2013. The proximate analysis on fresh Indonesian Eelshowed that it contained 17.68% of protein, 28.29% of fat, 42.03% of moisture, 3.93% of ash and 0.30% of crude fi ber. While Kabayaki contains 32.70% of protein, 2.39% of fat, 48.32% of moisture, 2.37% of ash and 0.55% of crude fi bre. The fatty acids composition of fresh Indonesian Eelconsisted of 22.78% saturated fatty acids (SFA), 32.84% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), 11.4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), 1.15% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 5.16% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). While kabayaki contained 30.68% SFA; 31.1% MUFA; 10.39% PUFA; 0.70% EPA and 1.29% DHA

Diet-Related Behaviors and Food Preference of Indonesian / 대한지역사회영양학회지

As Korea is moving toward multicultural society, the number of Muslim, whose religion has a great influence on diet-related behaviors, is increasing in Korea. Since the number of immigrants from Indonesia ranks within top ten in Korea and Indonesia is one of the most representative Islamic countries in Asia, understanding the diet-related behaviors and food preferences of Indonesians is needed. This study was conducted to investigate diet-related behaviors, factors affecting the diet-related perceptions, and food preferences of the Indonesians. The subjects included 500 Indonesians dwelling in Jakarta, Indonesia. About ninety % of the subjects in this study were Muslims. They did not eat pork and dog meat for religious reason and they practiced fasting during Ramadan period. Indonesians avoided pineapple, durian, and hot foods during pregnancy and usually ate vegetables and fruits after birth, which seemed to be due to sociocultural influence. Among the subjects, 21.5% were obese and major health problems reported were hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Their preference for fried food items might have contributed to health problems. Subjects had meals mostly at home (2.3 times/day) and dined out occasionally (1.2 times/ week) at Indonesian restaurants (56.6%) or family restaurants (21.0%). In conclusion, Indonesians had home-based and native food-oriented dietary life with strong religious and sociocultural influence on food choices. Further research on specific nutrient intake analysis is needed to better understand and to improve dietary life of Indonesians in Korea.

Isolation and Elucidation of Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from tuber of Gynura pseudo-china (L.) DC.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are produced by numerous plant species throughout the world. Numerous intoxications in animals and humans caused by the consumption of certain plants were attributed from the middle of this century to compounds of vegetable origin, the pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Daun dewa (Gynura pseudo-china (L.) DC.) is one of Indonesian medicinal plant which also a native plant of India, Thailand and China. The tuber of this plant is commonly used in Indonesian traditional medicine such as for treatments of uterine hemorrhages, dysentery, and inflamed wounds. Although its medicinal value, it is reported that leaves of this plant and other Gynura species content pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). There are concern about the present of PAs in medicinal plants because of the toxicity of this compounds to human and animal. It is reported that PAs are hepatotoxic, pneumotoxic, genotoxic, neurotoxic, and cytotoxic. The purpose of this study is to study the PAs content of G. pseudochina tuber. The structures-were elucidated using spectral data of Infra Red, Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy and a combination of one- and two dimensional 1H and 13C- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. In this study, two pyrrolizidine alkaloids, senecionine (Compound 1) and senkirkine (Compound 2) were isolated from the tuber of G. pseudo-china. This results suggest that it should be a safety consideration in consuming this plant for traditional medicine because it is also contains PAs which are toxic compounds.